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Multiplication of Large Numbers
When multiplying two-digit numbers, there are several methods you can use. Here is one of the commonly used method:
Example: 35 x 24
1) We start by multiplying the top number (35) by the right most digit of the bottom number (4)
- First 4 is multiplied by 5, the result is 20. We right keep 0 on the right and carry 2.
- Then 4 is multiplied by 3, the result 12. We add the carried 2 and it becomes 14.
So now we write the result (140) under the right most digit of the bottom number (4).
35
x 24
140
2) Next, we multiply the top number (35) by the second digit from the right of the bottom number (2)
- First 2 is multiplied by 5, the result is 10. We right keep 0 on the right and carry 1.
- Then 2 is multiplied by 3, the result 6. We add the carried 2 and it becomes 7.
So now, we write the result (70) under the second digit from the right of the bottom number (2) and write 0 under the right most digit.
35
x 24
140
700
Now we add the two numbers from above step 1 and 2. So we get result of 840.
35
x 24
140
700
840
It's important to practice with examples and memorize the common multiplication facts such as 2x2=4, 3x3=9, 4x4=16, and so on. With practice, you will be able to do multiplication very quickly.
Multiplying By Three Digit Number
In the above example we multiplied by a two digit number (24). The multiplication steps are similar for the number with more digit.
For example lets multiply 635 by 324:
As explained above, first we multiply the top number (635) by the right most digit (4) of the bottom number and write the result aligning the right most digit of the bottom number.
635
x 324
2540
Second we multiply the top number (635) by the second digit from the right of the bottom number (2) and write the result (1270) aligning the second digit from the right of the bottom number:
635
x 324
2540
1270
Write 0 under the right most digit.
635
x 324
2540
12700
Next we multiply the top number (635) by the third digit from the right of the bottom number (3) and write the result (1905) aligning the third digit from the right of the bottom number:
635
x 324
2540
12700
1905
Write 0 under the two digits from the right.
635
x 324
2540
12700
190500
As there are no more numbers left to multiply, we add the numbers from the three multiplications. So here the result is 205740.
635
x 324
2540
12700
190500
205740
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